Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in rural Koppal: a study from teaching hospital, Koppal, India

Authors

  • Seema B. N. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KIMS, Koppal, Karnataka, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20173605

Keywords:

Anemia, Pregnancy, Rural

Abstract

Background: Anemia is the nutritional deficiency disorder and 56% of all women living in developing countries are anaemic according to World Health Organization. India has the highest prevalence of anaemia and 20% of total maternal deaths are due to anemia. To determine the prevalence of anemia and factors influencing its causation among pregnant women.           

Methods: This is the study of 1769 pregnant women which was conducted in a rural population of Koppal district, Karnataka, India, from June 2016 to November 2016 i.e. a period of 6 months. This longitudinal prospective observational study was conducted in the district hospital of Koppal. Anemia was classified as per the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) criteria. The diagnosis of anemia was undertaken by peripheral blood smear examination and standard hemoglobin estimation by shale’s method.

Results: The average age of pregnant women was 23.5 years, ranging between 18 and 40 years. Most of the women belonged to below poverty line (BPL) families (84.6%) and Hindu religion (98%). Regarding education, 28.9% were illiterates. The mean haemoglobin level was found to be 8.95. Prevalence of anemia was 96.5% among the pregnant females in this region of rural Koppal. Out of these 22.47% had mild anemia, 56.30% had moderate anemia, 14.98% had severe anemia and 2.73% very severe anemia according to ICMR classification of anemia.

Conclusions: High prevalence of anemia among pregnant women indicates anemia to be a major public health problem in the rural community and indicates strict implementation of National Nutrition Anemia prophylaxis programme. Factors such as socioeconomic status, education, birth interval, and gravida contribute to this high prevalence.

References

Rajamouli J, Ravinder A, SCK Reddy, Sujatha Pambi. Study on prevalence of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at rural health training centre (RHTC) and chalmeda anand rao institute of medical sciences teaching hospital, Karimnagar, Telangana, India. Int J Contemp Med Res. 2016;3(8):2388-91.

Sari M, de Pee S, Martini E, Herman S, Sugiatmi, Bloem MW, Yip R. Estimating the prevalence of anaemia: a comparison of three methods. Bull World Health Organ. 2001;79:506-11.

Suryanarayana R, Santhuram AN, Chandrappa M, Shivajirao P, Rangappa SS. Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in rural population of Kolar district. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2016;5:454-8.

Dey S, Goswami S, Goswami M. Prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age in Meghalaya: a logistic regression analysis. Turk J Med Sci. 2010;40:783-9.

Srinivasa Rao P, Srikanth S. Prevalence of anemia in the first trimester of pregnancy in rural population of Krishna district in Andhra Pradesh. Sch J App Med Sci. 2013;1:570-4.

Kaul R, Ahmad J, Baba TA, Sheikh S, Ahmad A, Ashraf M. Anaemia in pregnant women in a rural block of Kashmir valley: its prevalence and socio-demographic associates. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2013;2:814-8.

Mangla M, Singla D. Prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in rural India: a longitudinal observational study. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2016;5:3500-5.

Sharma P, Mehta S, Nagar R. Prevalence of anemia and sociodemographic factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal hospital in Jaipur City India. IOSR J Pharm Biol Sci. 2013;6:1-5.

Wadgave HV. Burden of anemia among the pregnant women in rural Area. Healthline. 2011;2:76-7.

Lokare PO, Karanjekar VD, Gattani PL, Kulkarni AP. A study of prevalence of anemia and sociodemographic factors associated with anemia among pregnant women in Aurangabad city, India. Ann Nigerian Med. 2012;6:30-4.

Gatea AA, Tawfeeq WF, Hasan MR. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women in Ibn-Albaldy Hospital. Iraq Natl J Nurs Specialties. 2013;26(1):71-9.

Dutta PK, Nagraj T, Gopinath VP. A case control study of anemia in pregnancy. Ind J Preventive Social Med. 1992;23(1):1-5.

Downloads

Published

2017-08-28

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles